Beef cattle are mainly fed with roughage, but roughage cannot meet their nutritional needs and needs to be supplemented with concentrated feed. Whether the nutrition of intensive feeding is comprehensive or not directly affects the growth and development of beef cattle. The following matters need to be paid attention to when preparing beef cattle concentrate feed:
 
1.Preparation of concentrated feed
 
Concentrated feeds include energy feeds, protein feeds, mineral feeds, trace (macro) elements and vitamins. Energy feed is mainly corn, sorghum, barley, etc., accounting for about 60%-70% of concentrated feed. Protein feed mainly includes soybean cake (meal), cottonseed cake (meal), peanut cake, etc., accounting for about 20%-25% of concentrated feed. Cottonseed cake (meal) should be the main protein feed for fattening beef cattle in cotton-producing areas to reduce feed costs, and 5%-10% soybean cake (meal) can be added for calf feeding and young cattle fattening. Cottonseed cakes produced by small workshops cannot be fed to cattle to prevent gossypol poisoning. The maximum daily feeding amount of cottonseed cake (meal), soybean cake (meal) and peanut cake should not exceed 3 kg. Mineral feeds include bone meal, salt, baking soda, trace (macro) elements, and vitamin additives, generally accounting for 3% to 5% of the concentrated feed. The addition of bone meal for fattening young cattle accounts for about 2% of the amount of concentrated feed, and fattening for Jiazi cattle accounts for 0.5%-1%. In winter, spring and autumn, the amount of dietary salt added accounts for 0.5%-0.8% of the amount of concentrate, and the amount added in summer accounts for 1%-1.2% of the amount of concentrate. When distiller's grains are used as the main roughage, baking soda should be added, and the amount of addition accounts for 1% of the amount of concentrated forage. When other roughages are fed to cattle, 0.3%-0.5% of the amount of concentrated forage can be added in summer. Trace (macro) elements and vitamin additives generally cannot be prepared by themselves, they need to be purchased from regular manufacturers and used within the specified period according to the instructions. It is strictly forbidden to use "three-no" products.
 

1. Precautions for the preparation of concentrated feed

 
It is strictly forbidden to add additives, sex hormones, anabolic hormones, psychotropic drugs, antibiotic filter residues and other drugs that are not allowed to be used by the state. Additives and drugs allowed by the state must be added in strict accordance with regulations. The use of meat and bone meal is strictly prohibited. The moisture content of the feed must not exceed 14%.
 

2. Pellet feed for fattening cattle

 
Mixing the concentrate and roughage in proportion to make full-price pellets for feeding fattening cattle can increase weight gain, reduce feed waste, significantly shorten the feeding time of the experimental cattle, shorten the labor time and labor intensity of workers, and increase the labor quota. Significantly reduce costs. Reference formula: cornmeal 47.5%, bran 5%, cottonseed cake 10%, additives 1%, salt 0.5%, bone meal 1%, wheat straw or grass meal 35%.